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KMID : 0811720030070000174
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Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology
2003 Volume.7 No. 0 p.174 ~ p.0
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Effects of Caffeine, Nicotine, Alcohol and Exercise on Bone Development: A Densitometric and Histomorphometric Study
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Gama
Park Byung-Rim
Kim Dong-Chul
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Abstract
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Different doses of caffeine, Nicotine and alcohol influence the development of bone, whereas the proper exercise has positive effects on bone metabolism. This study was designed to highlight the possible effects of exercise to antagonize the caffeine, nicotine and alcohol as three common used chemicals during daily life on bone development. A total of 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided to four groups: The results showed that both exercise and caffeine or nicotine lowered the body weight gain, rats had significantly longer femur compared with other groups. The histomorphometry study showed that thickness of the growth plate in the proliferative zone, hypertrophic zone, and the total growth plate was greater in caffeine group rather than nicotine group. Alcohol showed different results. Trabecular bone ratios and thickness were different among all groups in the primary and secondary spongiosa. The exercise programme counteracted the negative effects of nicotine significantly on the trabecular bone thickness. Exercise and alcohol showed significant effect on bone density rather than caffeine and nicotine. Therefore, the best way to prevent the negative effects of caffeine and nicotine on bone development is to lower their consumptions with proper exercise programme, however low doses of alcohol with regular exercise programme had better effect.
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KEYWORD
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Caffeine, Nicotine, Alcohol, Bone development
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